Mortierella

MORTIERELLA Coemans, 1863 (Bulletins de l’acadèmie royale des sciences de lettres et des beaux arts de Belgique, Séries 2, 15: 536); 70+ species (Ansell and Young, 1982; Chien, 1972; Chien et al., 1974; Chen, 1992; Coemans, 1863; Degawa and Takumasu, 1998a, 1998b; Embree, 1963; Gams, 1969—review, 1976, 1977 [KEY], 1978—classification, 1985, 1991; Gams and Carreiro, 1989; Gams and Hooghiemstra, 1976; Gams and Moreau, 1960—review; Gams and Williams, 1963; Gams et al., 1972; Kuhlman, 1972, 1975; Kuhlman and Hodges, 1972; Mil’ko, 1968—discussion; Zycha et al., 1969).

= Actinomortierella Chalabuda, 1968 (Nov. Syst. Plant. non Vascul. 1968:129)
= Azygozygum Chesters, 1933 (Transactions of the British Mycological Society 18:213) (Ansell and Young, 1983; Chesters, 1933; van der Plaats-Niterink et al., 1976).
= Haplosporangium Thaxter, 1914 [Botanical Gazette (Crawfordsville) 58:362] (Thaxter, 1914).

Colony of coenocytic, anastomsing hyphae, on many media grow appearing undulate or wavy; often producing a garlic-like odor. Sporangiophores coenocytic, simple or branched, often slight vesiculate subbasally; each branch bearling apical sporangia; columellae septoid to slightly convex. Sporangia uni-, bi-, or polysporous, usually globose, wall deliquescent. Sporangiospores hyaline, variously shaped, often smooth-walled. Chlamydospores may be formed. Zygospores more or less globose, hyaline, smooth or ornamented, naked or enveloped in hyphae; suspensors apposed, often heterogamous.

Type species: M. polycephala

Species of Mortierella:
M. acrotona W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:133) (Gams, 1976).
M. alliacea Linnemann, 1953 (Zentbl. Bakt. Parasitk., 2 Abt., 107:225) (Khalabuda, 1973).
M. alpina Peyron, 1913 (Germi atmosferici, diss, Padova, p. 17) (Chen, 1992; Khalabuda, 1973; Kuhlman, 1975; Linnemann, 1941; B.S. Mehrotra and B.R. Mehrotra, 1964; Mikawa, 1988; Mil’ko, 1974; O’Donnell, 1979; Turner and Pugh, 1961).
= Mortierella renispora Dixon-Stewart, 1932 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 17:214) (Dixon-Stewart, 1932; Linnemann, 1941).
= Mortierella thaxteri Björling, 1936 (Bot. Notisser 1936:116) (Björling, 1936).
= Mortierella monospora Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:210; nomen nudum—without a Latin diagnosis) (Khalabuda, 1973; Linnemann, 1936, 1941).
= Mortierella acuminata Linnemann, 1941 ([Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 21) (Linnemann, 1941).
M. ambigua B.S. Mehrotra, 1963 (in B.S. Mehrotra, Baijal, and B.R. Mehrotra, Mycologia 55:291) (Ansell, 1983; Ansell and Young, 1982; B.S. Mehrotra et al., 1963; Watanabe, 1975).
= Actinomortierella ambigua (B.S. Mehrotra) Khalabuda, 1973 (Mortierella, p. 198).
M. amoeboidea W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:116) (Gams, 1976).
M. angusta (Linnemann) W. Gams, 1963 (Ber. Naturw.-med. Ver. Innsbruck 53:73).
= Mortierella polycephala Coemans var. angusta Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 29).
M. antarctica Linnemann, 1969 (in Zycha, Siepmann, and Linnemann, Mucorales, p. 198) ex Linnemann, 1971 (Nova Hedwigia 19:565) (Linnemann, 1971).
M. armillariicola W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:128) (Gams, 1976).
M. bainieri Cost., 1889 (Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 4:150) (Dauphin, 1908; Kuhlman, 1972—zygospores; Linnemann, 1941).
M. basiparvispora W. Gams & Grinbergs, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:130) (Gams, 1976).
M. beljakovae Mil’ko, 1973 (Nov. Syst. Plant. Non Vascul. 10:85) (Gams, 1976; Kuhlman, 1972; Mil’ko, 1973, 1974). NOTE: Mortierella candelabrum van Tiegh. & Le Monn. sensu Kuhlman (1969) and M. zychae Linnem. sensu Kuhlman (1972) are M. bejakovae fide Gams (1976)
M. biramosa van Tieghem, 1875 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 1:110) (Gams, 1985; Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem, 1875).
M. bisporalis (Thaxter) Björling, 1936 (Bot. Notisser 1936:126) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Mikawa, 1993; Mil’ko, 1974; O’Donnell, 1979).
= Haplosporangium bisporale Thaxter, 1914 [Botanical Gazette (Crawfordsville) 58:363] (Nicot, 1957; Thaxter, 1914).
M. camargensis W. Gams & R. Moreau, 1960 (Ann. Univ. Besançon, Sér. 2, 3:103)
M. candelabrum van Tieghem and le Monnier, 1873 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries V, 17:351) (Bainier, 1883; Dauphin, 1908; Kuhlman, 1972; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem and Le Monnier, 1873).
M. capitata Marchal, 1891 (Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 29:134) (Degawa and Tokumasu, 1997—zygospores; Mil’ko, 1974)
= Mortierella vesiculosa B.S. Mehrotra, Baijal, and B.R. Mehrotra, 1963 (Mycologia 55:295) (Embree, 1963; Indoh and Kudo, 1967; Khalabuda, 1968).
= Actinomortierella capitata (Marchal) Chalabuda, 1968 (Nov. Syst. Plant. non Vascul. 1968:129).
= Actinomortierella capitata (B.S. Mehrotra, Baijal & B.R. Mehrotra) Khalabuda, 1973 (Mortierella, p. 199)
M. chlamydospora (Chesters) Plaats-Niterink, 1976 (in van der Plaats-Niterink, Samson, Stalpers, and Weijman, Persoonia 9:91) (van der Plaats-Niterink et al., 1976; Ansell and Young, 1982; O’Donnell, 1979).
= Azygozygum chlamydosporum Chesters, 1933 (Transactions of the British Mycological Society 18:213) (Chesters, 1933; van der Plaats-Niterink et al., 1976; Watanabe, 1990).
M. claussenii Linnemann, 1958 (Arch. Mikrobiol. 30:265) (Linnemann, 1958).
M. clonocystis W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:132) (Gams, 1976).
M. cogitans Y. Degawa, 1998 (in Degawa and Tokumasu, Mycologia 90:1040) (Degawa and Tokumasu, 1998a).
M. crystallina Harz, 1871 (Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 44:145) (Dauphin, 1908).
M. cystojenkinii W. Gams & Veenbaas-Rijks, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:137) (Gams, 1976).
M. decipiens (Thaxter) Björling, 1936 (Bot. Notisser 1936:126) (Björling, 1936).
M. dichotoma Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:215; nomen nudum, without a Latin diagnosis) ex W. Gams, 1977 (Persoonia 9:388) (Linnemann, 1936, 1941). M. echinosphaera Plaats-Niterink, 1976 (in van der Plaats-Niterink, Samson, Stalpers, and Weijman, Persoonia 9:91) (van der Plaats Niterink et al., 1976).
M. echinula Linnemann, 1953 (Zentralbl. Bakt. ParsitKde, Abt. 2, 107:229) (Gams, 1976).
M. echinulata Harz, 1871 (Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 44:145) (Dauphin, 1908; Naumov, 1954).
= Mortierella polycephala Coemans var. echinulata (Harz) Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 30)
M. elasson Sideris & Paxton, 1929 (Mycologia 21:176) (Sideris and Paxton, 1929; Linnemann, 1941).
M. elongata Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 43) (Chen, 1992; Gams et al., 1972; Kuhlman, 1972; Linnemann, 1941; Mikawa, 1988, 1993; Mil’ko, 1974; O’Donnell, 1979; Watanabe, 1975).
M. elongata var. subtilis Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen Gatt., Mortierella, p. 43).
M. elongatula W. Gams & Domsch, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:119) (Gams, 1976).
M. epicladia W. Gams & Emden, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:133) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Gams, 1976).
M. epigama W. Gams & Domsch, 1972 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 58:11) (Gams et al., 1972 O’Donnell, 1979).
M. exigua Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 44) (Linnemann, 1941; Mikawa, 1993).
= Mortierella indica B.S. Mehrotra, 1960 (Indian Phytopathol. 13:68) (Chen, 1992).
= Mortierella sterilis B.S. Mehrotra & B.R. Mehrotra, 1964 (Zentbl. Bakt. Parasitenkde, II Abt., 118:178) (B.S. Mehrotra and B.R. Mehrotra, 1964).
≡ Mortierella spinosa Linnemann var. sterilis (B.S. Mehrotra & B.R. Mehrotra) Mil’ko, 1974 (Opredel. Mukoral. Gribov, p. 79).
= Mortierella spinosa Mil’ko, 1974 (Opredel. Mukoral. Gribov, p. 78) (Kuhlman, 1975; Turner and Pugh, 1961).
M. fimbriata Ou, 1940 (Sinensia 11:442) (Ou, 1940).
M. fimbricystis W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:138) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Gams, 1976).
M. fusispora van Tieghem, 1878 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 4:385) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem, 1878).
M. gamsii Mil’ko, 1974 ([Opredel. Mukoral. Gribov, p. 76) (Mikawa, 1988, 1993; Mil’ko, 1974; Kuhlman, 1972).
= Mortierella spinosa Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:214; [nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) (Mil’ko, 1974)
= ?Mortierella mutabilis Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 51) (Chen, 1992; Linnemann, 1941).
= Mortierella candelabrum van Tieghem & Le Monnier sensu Gams, 1969 (Nova Hedwigia 18:12) fide Gams (1977)
M. gemmifera Ellis, 1940 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 24:95; zygospores) (Chen, 1992; Gams, 1976; Mil’ko, 1974).
M. globalpina W. Gams & Veenbaas-Rijks, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:113) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Chen, 1992; Gams, 1976).
M. globulifera Rostrup, 1916 (Dansk bot. Ark 2:2) (zygospores in Kuhlman (1972—as M. ericetorum; see also Turner, 1956 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 39:291) (Linnemann, 1941; Mil’ko, 1974).
= Mortierella ericetorum Linnemann, 1953 (Zentbl. Bakt. Parasitenkde., II Abt., 107:228) (Kuhlman, 1972).
M. histoplasmatoides W. Gams, 1991 (Boletus 2:35) (Gams, 1991).
M. horticola Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 21) (Chen, 1992; Linnemann, 1941).
M. humilis Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:209; nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) ex Gams, 1977 (Persoonia 9:389) (Chen, 1992; Chien et al., 1974—zygospores; Linnemann, 1936; 1941; Mikawa, 1988, 1993; Mil’ko, 1974).
M. humilissima Pispek, 1929 (Acta Bot. Univ. Zagreb. 4:99) (Pispek, 1929).
M. hyalina (Harz) W. Gams, 1969 (Nova Hedwigia 18:13) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Chen, 1992; Mikawa, 1993; O’Donnell, 1979).
≡ Hydrophora hyalina Harz, 1871 (Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 44:144)
= Mortierella candelabrum van Tieghem & Le Monnier, 1873 (Ann. Sci. nat., Bot. Sér. V, 17:351) var. minor Grove, 1885 (J. Bot. London 23:131)
= Mortierella hygrophila Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:212; nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) (Linnemann, 1936, 1941; Mehrotra and Mehrotra, 1964).
= ?Mortierella hygrophila Linnemann var. minuta Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 50).
= ?Mortierella hygrophila Linnemann var. rosularis Linnemann, 1958 (Arch. Mikrobiol. 30:266) (Linnemann, 1958—invalid because type variety is not valid?).
M. humilissima Pispek, 1929 (Acta Bot. Inst. Bot. Univ. Zagreb. 4:99) (Pispek, 1929).
M. hyalina var. subtillissima F.J. Chen, 1992 (Mycosystema 5:38) (Chen, 1992).
M. hypsicladia Degawa & Gams, 2004 (Studies in Mycology 50:567) (Degawa and Gams, 2004).
M. indohii Chien, 1974 (in Chien, Kuhlman, and Gams, Mycologia 66:115) (Ansell and Young, 1982, 1983, 1988; Chen, 1992; Chien et al., 1974; van der Plaats-Niterink et al., 1976).
M. isabellina Oudem.—see UMBELOPSIS
M. jenkinii (A.L. Sm.) Naumov, 1935 (Opredelitel’ Mukorovykh (Mucorales) Ed. 2. Bot. Inst. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. Moscow and Leningrad, p. 97) (Chen, 1992; Gams, 1976; Linnemann, 1941).
≡ Mortierella bainieri Cost. var. jenkinii A.L.Sm., 1898 (Journal of Botany, London 36:180) (Dauphin, 1908).
M. kuhlmannii W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:122) (Gams, 1976 —zygospores; Kuhlman, 1972 [as M. elongata]) fide Gams (1976)
M. lignicola (G.W. Martin) W. Gams & R. Moreau, 1960 (Ann. Scient. Univ. Besançon, Ser. 2, 3:103) (O’Donnell, 1979; Watanabe et al., 1998).
= Haplosporangium lignicola G.W. Martin, 1937 (Mycologia 29:618) (Martin, 1937; Nicot, 1957).
M. longicollis Dixon-Stewart, 1932 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 17:214) (Dixon-Stewart, 1932; Linnemann, 1941).
M. macrocystis W. Gams, 1961 (Nova Hedwigia 3:69).
= Mortierella microspora Wolf var. macrocystis (W. Gams) Linnemann, 1969 (in Zycha, Siepmann, and Linnemann, Mucorales, p. 208).
M. macrocystopsis W. Gams & Carreiro, 1989 (Studies in Mycology 31:85) (Gams and Carreiro, 1989).
M. microzygospora Y. Degawa, 1998 (in Degawa and Tokumasu, Mycologia 90:1041) (Degawa and Tokumasu, 1998a).
M. minutissima van Tieghem, 1878 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 4:385) (Chen, 1992; Dauphin, 1908; Kuhlman, 1972—zygospores; Linnemann, 1936, 1941; Mikawa, 1988, 1993; Turner and Pugh, 1961; van Tieghem, 1878).
M. minutissima var. dubia Linnemann, 1941 ([Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 39) (Chen, 1992).
M. multidivaricata R.K. Benjamin—transferred to GAMSIELLA
M. mundensis Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 48) (Linnemann, 1941).
M. mutabilis Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt., Mortierella, p. 51) (Chen, 1992; Linnemann, 1941).
M. nana Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 16) (Linnemann, 1941).
= Mortierella alba Manka & Gierszak, 1961 (Pr. Kom. Nauk. Roln. Lesn. Poznan 9:17).
M. nantahalensis Chien, 1971 (Mycologia 63:826) (Gams, 1985).
M. nigrescens van Tieghem, 1878 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 4:380) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem, 1878).
M. oligospora Björling, 1936 (Bot. Notisser 1936:121) (Björling, 1936; Linnemann, 1941; B.S. Mehrotra et al., 1964).
M. oligospora var. indica B.S. Mehrotra, B.R. Mehrotra & U. Baijal, 1964 (Sydowia 17:188) (B.S. Mehrotra et al., 1964).
M. ornata W. Gams—a species of DISSOPHORA (q.v.)
M. parazychae W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:126) (Gams, 1976).
M. parvispora Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 53) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Chen, 1992; Gams and Williams, 1963; Kuhlman, 1972; Linnemann, 1941; O’Donnell, 1979; Turner and Pugh, 1961).
= Mortierella gracilis Linnemann, 1936 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 38).
M. pilulifera van Tieghem, 1875 (Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. VI, 1:105) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem, 1875).
M. polycephala Coemans, 1863 (Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg, Cl. Sci., II, 15:536—zygospores in Dauphin, 1908) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Chen, 1992; Coemans, 1863; Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; B.S. Mehrotra and Baijal, 1963; Naumov, 1954; Turner and Pugh, 1961; van Tieghem and Le Monnier, 1873).
= Mortierella crystallina Harz, 1871 (Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 44:145).
= Mortierella vantieghemii Bachm, 1900 (Jb. Wiss. Bot. 34:279) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941).
= Mortierella canina Dauphin, 1908 (Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. IX, 8:29).
≡ Mortierella polycephala var. canina (Dauphin) Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 29)
= Mortierella raphani Dauphin, 1908 (Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. IX, 8:30 ) (Linnemann, 1941)
≡ Mortierella vantieghemii Bachmann var. raphani (Dauphin) Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 31)
= Mortierella lemonnieri Vuillemin, 1918 (Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 34:41)
M. polygonia W. Gams & Veenbaas-Rijks, 1976 (in W. Gams, Persoonia 9:113) (Gams, 1976?).
M. pseudozygospora W. Gams & Carreiro, 1989 (Studies in Mycology 31:87) (Gams and Carreiro, 1989).
M. pulchella Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 41) (Kuhlman, 1972—zygospores; Linnemann, 1941).
= Mortierella sossauensis Wolf, 1954 (Zentbl. Bakt. ParasitenKde, II Abt., 107:533)
= ?Mortierella microspora Wolf, 1954 (Zentbl. Bakt. ParasitenKde, II Abt., 107:528)
M. ramanniana (Möller) Linnemann—see UMBELOPSIS (Umbelopsidaceae, Mucorales).
M. repens Smith, 1898 (Journal of Botany 36:618) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941).
M. reticulata van Tieghem & Le Monnier, 1873 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries V, 17:350) (Björling, 1936; Chen, 1992; Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; B.R. Mehrotra and Kakkar, 1970; van Tieghem and Le Monnier, 1873).
M. rishikesha B.S. Mehrotra & B.R. Mehrotra, 1964 (Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasit. Infekt. Hygiene, II Abt., 118:184) (B.S. Mehrotra & B.R. Mehrotra, 1964).
M. rostafinskii Brefeld, 1881 (Untersuchungen Ges. Mykol. 4:81—zygospores) (Brefeld, 1881, 1891; Dauphin, 1908; Kuhlman and Hodges, 1972; Linnemann, 1941).
M. sarnyensis Mil’ko, 1973 (Nov. Syst. Plant. Non. Vascul. 10:87) (Gams, 1976; Mil’ko, 1973, 1974).
= Mortierella fatshederae Linnemann, 1969 (in Zycha, Siepmann, and Linnemann, Mucorales, p. 205; nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) fide Gams (1976)
M. sclerotiella Mil’ko, 1967 (Nov. Syst. Plant. Non Vascul. 1967:160) (Gams, 1976; Mil’ko, 1967).
M. schmuckerii Linnemann, 1958 (Arch. Mikrobiol. 30:263) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Linnemann, 1958; Mikawa, 1993; O’Donnell, 1979).
M. selenospora W. Gams, 1976 (Persoonia 9:128) (Gams, 1976).
M. simplex van Tieghem & Le Monnier, 1873 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries V, 17:351) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Dauphin, 1908; Gams, 1985; Linnemann, 1941; Mil’ko, 1974; van Tieghem and Le Monnier, 1873).
M. spinosa Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:214—[nomen nudum, without a Latin diagnosis, Art. 36.1 of the ICBN, McNeill et al., 2006) (Kuhlman, 1975; Linnemann, 1936, 1941; Mil’ko, 1974; Turner and Pugh, 1961).
M. spinosa Linnemann var. mutabilis (Linnemann) Mil’ko (Mil’ko, 1974).
M. spinosa Linnemann var. sterilis (B.S. Mehrotra & B.R. Mehrotra) Mil’ko (Mil’ko, 1974).
M. strangulata van Tieghem, 1875 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 1:102) (Dauphin, 1908; Kuhlman and Hodges, 1972; Linnemann, 1941; van Tieghem, 1875, 1878—discussion)
M. striospora Desphande & Mantri, 1964 (Mycopath. Mycol. Appl. 27:223)—appears to be a Blakeslea, Choanephora, or Gilbertella (Dephande and Mantri, 1964).
M. stylospora Dixon-Stewart, 1932 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 17:218) (Ansell and Young, 1982; Dauphin, 1908; Dixon-Stewart, 1932; Linnemann, 1941).
M. tuberosa van Tieghem, 1875 (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, Séries VI, 1:106) (Dauphin, 1908; Linnemann, 1941; Ou, 1940a; van Tieghem, 1875).
M. turficola Ling-Young, 1930 (Revue gèn. Bot. 42:743) (Gams and Hooghiemstra, 1976—zygospores; Linnemann, 1941; Turner and Pugh, 1961).
M. tsukubaensis T. Watanabe, 2001 (in T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, Fukatsu, and Kurane, Mycological research 105:506) (Watanabe et al., 2001).
M. umbellata Chien, 1972 (Mycologia 64:99) (Chien, 1972; Degawa and Tokumasu, 1998b).
= Actinomortierella umbellata (C.-y. Chien) Khalabuda, 1973 (Mortierella, p. 199).
M. verrucosa Linnemann, 1953 (Zentralbl. Bakt. ParsitKde, Abt. 2, 107:229) (Chen, 1992; Gams, 1976; Mikawa, 1993).
M. verticellata Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 22) (Chen, 1992; Chien et al., 1974 —zygospores; Kuhlman, 1972—zygospores as M. marburgensis; Linnemann, 1941; O’Donnell, 1979; Williams et al., 1965).
= Mortierella marburgensis Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:211; nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) (Khalabuda, 1973; Kuhlman, 1972; Linnemann, 1936, 1941; Williams et al., 1965).
= Haplosporangium fasciculatum Nicot, 1957 (Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 73:90)
M. vesiculosa B.S. Mehrotra et al., 1963, = Mortierella capitata (q.v.)
M. vinacea Dixon-Stewart, 1932 (Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 17:213) (Chen, 1992; Dixon-Stewart, 1932; Linnemann, 1941; Mikawa, 1993) Transferred to UMBELOPSIS (q.v.)
M. wuyishanensis F.J. Chen, 1992 (Mycosystema 5:57) (Chen, 1992).
M. wolfii B.S. Mehrotra & Baijal, 1963 (Mycopath. Mycol. Appl. 20:51) (B.S. Mehrotra and Baijal, 1963).
= Actinomortierella wolfii (B.S. Mehrotra & Baijal) Khalabuda, 1973 (Mortierella, p. 200)
M. zonata Linnemann, 1936 (Flora 130:210; nomen inval., without a Latin diagnosis) ex W. Gams, 1977 (Persoonia 9:391) (Linnemann, 1936, 1941).
= ?Mortierella insignis Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 34) (Linnemann, 1941).
M. zychae Linnemann, 1941 (Mucorineen-Gatt. Mortierella, p. 46) (Chen, 1992; Gams, 1976; Kuhlman, 1972—zygospore; Linnemann, 1941; Mikawa, 1993; Mil’ko, 1974; Watanabe, 1975).

Mortierella is the zygomycete genus with the largest number of validly described species. These fungi can be found on almost any substrate and they are very common in soil. The undulate or wavy colony is readily observed on nutrient-rich media whereas sporulation only may be induced on a variety of nutrient-poor media. Mortierella has been divided into several sections based on morphology (Gams, 1969, 1977, 1978). Gams et al. (1972) and Kuhlman (1972, 1975) analyzed the parameters necessary for zygospore formation in several species of Mortierella. Degawa and Tokumasu (1997, 1998a, 1998b) studied zygospore ontogeny in four species of Mortierella. Some species of Syncephalis are restricted to Mortierella spp. such as S. hypogena (Benjamin, 1985). and S. tenuis (Thaxter, 1897; Kuzuha, 1973).

Bibliography

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Ansell, P.J., and T.W.K. Young. 1988. The zygospore of Mortierella indohii. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 91:221-226.

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Updated Feb 11, 2009