Euryancale
EURYANCALE Drechsler, 1939 (Mycologia 31:410), 5 species (Drechsler, 1939).
Endoparasites of nematodes. Thallus mycelial, 2-3 times as wide as the external reproductive hyphae. Asexual reproductive hyphae producing sporangiophores at more or less right angles, distal two-thirds of its length somewhat enlarged, medially curved or bent (“L†or “U†shaped); merosporangia formed apically. Merosporangia unispored, lunate to falcate, with an adhesive globule on one end; usually leaving a scar on the sporangiophore after dehiscence. Zygospores with the zygosporangium covered with conical warts; suspensor arrangement not described.
Type species: E. sacciospora
Species of Euryancale:
E. marsipioides Aoki, 1995 (in Saikawa and Aoki, Nova Hedwigia 60:575) (Saikawa and Aoki, 1995).
E. marsipospora Drechsler, 1959 (Mycologia 51:787) (Drechsler, 1959; Saikawa and Aoki, 1991, 1995; Sakawa and Sato, 1986—zygospores).
E. obliqua Drechsler, 1955 (Mycologia 47:377) (Drechsler, 1955; Saikawa and Aoki, 1991).
E. phallospora Saikawa & Katsurashima, 1993 (Mycologia 85:26) (Saikawa and Katsurashima, 1993).
E. sacciospora Drechsler, 1939 (Mycologia 31: 410) (Drechsler, 1939; Saikawa and Aoki, 1991, 1995; Saikawa and Sato, 1986—zygospores).
Drechsler (1939) described Euryancale sacciospora based on four week old cultures. Initially the hyphae in the nematode is coenocytic but later septa are produced to retain cytoplasm in the living areas of the mycelium. Asexual reproductive hyphae grow along the substrate surface and the spores are formed on specialized branches. Two other species, E. obliqua (Drechsler, 1955) and E. marsipospora (Drechsler, 1959), only parasitized 16 to possibly 25 nematodes. Zygospores were not reported in any of the taxa that Drechsler (1939, 1955, 1957) described. Saikawa and Sato (1986) described zygospores of E. marsipospora and E. sacciospora; both had conical warts on the zygosporangium.
The three species discussed above, E. marsipospora, E. obliqua and E. sacciospora, were isolated in Japan (Saikawa and Aoki, 1991) on water agar 1 to 2 months after being inoculated with leaf mold. A fourth species, E. phallospora, was described and illustrated using both light and electron microscopy (Saikawa and Katsurashima, 1993). A few years later, Saikawa and Aoki (1995) discussed the taxonomy of E. marsipospora and E. sacciospora. Saikawa and Aoki (1995) thought that the correct name for E. sacciospora should be E. saccispora; this name change was not accepted by Indexfungorum (www.indexfungorum.org). Euryancale sacciospora was discussed and illustrated. A new species, E. marsipioides Aoki was also described and illustrated. A photograph of living material showing the reproductive hyphae, sporangiophores, and merosporangia growing from a nematode in culture was included for both E. marsipioides and E. sacciospora (Saikawa and Aoki, 1995).
Bibliography
Drechsler, C. 1939. Five new Zoopagaceae destructive to rhizopods and nematodes. Mycologia 31:388-415.
Drechsler, C. 1955. Additional species of Zoopagaceae subsisting on rhizopods and eelworms. Mycologia 47:364-388.
Drechsler, C. 1959. Several Zoopagaceae subsisting on a nematode and some terricolous amoebae. Mycologia 51:787-823.
Saikawa, M. and Y. Aoki. 1991. Pouchy appendages on the conidia of Euryancale sacciospora and E. marsipospora, and the rediscovery of E. obliqua from Japan. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 32:509-515
Saikawa M, and Y. Aoki. 1995. Taxonomic studies on Euryancale marsipospora and E. saccispora. Nova Hedwigia 60:571-581.
Saikawa, M., and E. Katsurashima. 1993. Light and electron microscopy of a new species of Euryancale producing phallus-shaped conidia. Mycologia 85:24-29.
Saikawa, M, and H. Sato. 1986. Zygosporic structures in two species of Euryancale (Zoopagales). Transactions of the British Mycological Society 87:337-340.
Updated Nov 05, 2007
